Building-wall



L. H. GUIIVIONNEAU.

UILDING WALL.

10N TYILE APPLICAT D IAN. 22,

L. H. GUIMONNEAU.

' BUILDING WALL. APPLICATION FILED JANZZ. 1920.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. A NG/ wfwm wL/ L iiJNlrED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BUILDING-WALL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led January 22, 1920. Serial No. 858,159.

T o (17? wlmmfz't may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS HENRI GUIMoN- NEAU. a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at G Alle de Gagny, Le Raincy, Seine and Oise, in the Republic of France, have invented new and useful Improvements in Building-Walls, of which the following 1s a specification.

This invention relates to a dismountable wall built without using mortar. According to this invention, molded blocks or slabsl ot' a thickness adapted to form one part of that of the wall to be built are provided on one side with dovetail tenons which are placed between similar tenons on similar blocks oppositely arranged and adapted to form the other part of the thickness of the wall, the laterally inclined faces of said dovetail tenons being also inclined vertically so as to provide between adjacent tenons on opposite blocks downwardly tapering chambers into which downwardly tapering wedges are dropped so as to lock the blocks together. The design of the blocks is such that in building the wall the joints may hc staggered in the vertical as well as in the horizontal direction.

ln the annexed drawings, given by way of example:

Figure 1 is a sectional plan view showing part of a wall constructed with blocks provided with three tenons.

Fig. 2 is a sectional plan View showing at a smaller scale the corner of tw walls at right angles, each block comprising fou-r tenons.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line 3-3 of F ig. 2.

Fig. i is a side view at a still smaller scale of a portion of a wall seen from inside.

Figs. 5 and 6 are horizontal sections on lines 5 5 and'G-G of Fig. 4,' illustrating the manner or' laying the blocks in accordance with the invention.

As shown in Fig. l, each block or slab l. of a suitable thickness to form a part of the thickness of the wall is provided on one face with a plurality of projections or tenonsl 2 extending parallelly to the small sides of the slab from the bottom face to the top face `and at right angles to the general plane thereof. .These tenons may have the general shape of dovetails the larger bases of which are all in the same plane parallel to the other l'lat face of the block and they are spaced at an equal distance apart from each other. The inclined faces 3 fof leach dovetail tenon are not perpendicular to the upper and lower faces of the block. Said inclined faces are also slightly inclined with respect to the vertical line so that the area of the horizontal section of the tenon is greater at the bottom than at the top. However the two sides 4 of each tenon are perpendicular to theL vertica'l faces of the blocks, z'. e. the lateral projection s remains constant throughout the entire height of the block.

The tenons provided at the ends of each block have only one inclined lateral face 3, the other lateral face being that of the slab 'itself whereas the intermediate tenons have two symmetrically inclined faces 3 tapering or converging upwardly, the width of these intermediate tenons being double that of the end tenons.

The blocks thus designed are oppositely arranged with the tenonsI of one block placed in the dovetail recesses between two adja- Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

cent tenons of the opposite block. Hence i the opposite blocks are staggered in the longitudinal direction of fthe wall, the end face of one block projecting with respect to the end face of the coperatin block preferably for a length Z equal to tance between the center line of a double or symmetrical tenon of one block to the nearest end :tace of said block.

The lower layers of blocks comprise a row of standard blocks su'ch as described, placed either internally or externally, and a row of special blocks oppositely arranged with their tenons pglaced between the tenons of alf the* dis-` the opposite blocks, the special blocks having half the height of the standard blocks but being otherwise similar to the latter. The next layers of blocks comprise blocks of normal height so that the horizontal joints in i the inner pile of 'blocks are in stag ered relation with respect to the outer pi e as shown particularly in Figs. 8 to 6 in which a1 indicates the first layer of half-blocks and b1 the first layer of standard blocks, a2, a3 etc. the successive layers superimposed upon the layer a1 and b2, b3, etc., the successive layers superimposed upon the layer b1.

As each successive layer of blocks is laid,

wedges 5 are inserted or dropped. into the downwardly tapering chambers formed by each pair of oppositely inclined faces 3 on the opposite blocks. The wedges 5 are constituted by rectangular blocks or bricks com prising two beveled faces 6 the inclination of which corres onds to' that of the aforesaid faces 3 an their thickness being such that, when dropped, ythese wedges are stopped at a suitable height by the inclined faces 3 of the blocks.

As a matter of course the last layer' of blocks will comprise half blocks similar to M the blocks a1 'so that the top faces of the'two piles are aft the same level.

The blocks are also staggeredin the lo tudinal direction in both piles as clear y seen from Fi 4 to-6. f After laying the layer of hal -blocks a1 and the opposite layer of standard blocks b1 and insertlng the wedges 5, the next layer of blocks a2 are laid so that the joints thereof are in stagred relation with respect to the Iblocks a1.

imilarly the blocks b2 are laid in sta gered relation with respect t0 the blocks 11 and so on. The joints are thus staggeredboth in the vertical and in the horizontal direction.

The inner and outer blocks may be made of different materials. Asshown in Fig. 2, they may also be made of different widths.

The corners are constructed in a similar manner by means of special blocks 7 and 8 (Fig. 2).

Having now described my invention,

what I claim as new and desire' to Secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A'dismountable wall which comprises in combination blocks with verticall and'hori zontally staggered joints, provi ed on one face with a plurality of ytenons whichare placed between the tenons of similar .blocks oppositely arranged and which have inclined faces adapted to form with the opposite inclined faces of the opposite blocks downwardly tapering chambers and wedges with correspondingly inclined faces inserted in Said chambers.

2. A dismountable wall which comprises in combination blocks with. vertically and horizontally stag ered joints, provided onv one face with a p urality of dovetail tenons which are placed' between the tenons of similar blocks oppositely arranged, the inclined faces of said dovetailed tenons being also inclined with respect to the vertical line and forming with theinclined faces of the opposite blocks downwardly taperin chambers and Wedges with corresponding y inclined faces inserted in said chambe-rs.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

LOUIS HENRI GUIMONNEAU. 

